Know your Bone Marrow Transplantation


The recent rise in numbers of people undergoing bone marrow surgeries has urged specialized hospitals such as Max Healthcare to come up with unique programs specially dedicated towards conducting bone marrow transplantation in India. It is a highly sophisticated procedure which involves several high level techniques. Let us try and understand the intricate procedure that the team here has gained an expertise over:

·        Procedure of Bone Marrow Transplantation: Initially, the patient is given certain medicines to help control the disease. After this, stem cells are given via vein. The patient is then kept for a week or two under observation and no surgery is required until then. Certain medicines are also given to the patient to prevent any infections. Generally patients are admitted for 3 weeks in case of autologous transplantation. While, in that of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, hospital admission required is for about 4 weeks. After the treatment also, the patient needs to stay close to the Bone Marrow Transplantation center for around 4 months, in order to conduct the follow-up procedures. The medicinal courses usually end after a period of 6 months to a year.

·         Risk to Bone Marrow Donor: Thanks to the latest advancements in the field of medical science, there are almost no risks involved to the donor. In some cases, there may be mild fever, which can be treated by simply popping a paracetamol. The donor need not be admitted, nor do they require any anesthesia.

·         Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation: In this case, the stem cells are removed from a new-born baby's umbilical cord immediately after birth. The stem cells are stored until they are needed for a Stem Cell Transplant.

·         HAPLOIDENTICAL BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION: This procedure is done when the donor and recipients do not have a full match. This can be done by collecting stem cells from the mother, father or brothers and sisters.

·         Matched Unrelated Donor (MUD) BMT: This procedure is performed if we get HLA match from international or national bone marrow donor registries.

AUTOLOGOUS HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION: This transplantation procedure involves using a patient's own stem cells. These stem cells are generally collected from vein of body using a cell separator machine after giving the patient growth factor injections for 4-5 days. After collecting adequate stem cells, patient is given high doses of chemotherapy which kills the disease.
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